Banking supervision glossary

See Supervisory Examination Programme (SEP)

See significant institution (SI)

The criterion that determines the allocation of supervisory responsibilities to the ECB or the national competent authorities within the Single Supervisory Mechanism. See also significant institution (SI)

The criteria for determining whether banks are considered significant – and therefore under the ECB’s direct supervision – are set out in the SSM Regulation and the SSM Framework Regulation. To qualify as significant, banks must fulfil at least one of these criteria. Notwithstanding the fulfilment of the criteria, the SSM may declare an institution significant to ensure the consistent application of high-quality supervisory standards.

A supervised entity that fulfils certain criteria regarding size, importance for the economy of the EU or any participating Member State or significance of its cross-border activities. All other supervised entities have to be considered less significant supervised entities. See also Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), supervised entity

A mechanism proposed by the European Commission, which establishes uniform rules and a uniform procedure for the resolution of credit institutions established in the banking union. It is envisaged that it will be composed of a single resolution board and national resolution authorities in participating Member States, with ultimate decision-making power at the European level. For the purposes of resolution, the SRM will have at its disposal a single resolution fund. The SRM is a necessary complement to the Single Supervisory Mechanism in order to achieve a well-functioning banking union. See also Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)

A single set of harmonised prudential rules which credit institutions must respect throughout the EU, including legislation such as the Capital Requirements Regulation and the Capital Requirements Directive. Beyond the legislation elaborated by the European Parliament and the EU Council with the assistance of the European Commission, the European Banking Authority has the authority to further develop the Single Rulebook and monitor its implementation.

A mechanism composed of the ECB and national competent authorities in participating Member States for the exercise of the supervisory tasks conferred upon the ECB. The ECB is responsible for the effective and consistent functioning of this mechanism, which forms part of European banking union.

The legal act creating a single supervisory mechanism for credit institutions in the euro area and, potentially, other EU Member States, as one of the main elements of Europe’s banking union. The SSM Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 confers on the ECB specific tasks concerning policies relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions and macroprudential policy.

Supervisory Quality Assurance

Single Resolution Board

See Supervisory Review and Evaluation Process (SREP)

Single Resolution Fund

See Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM)

Single Resolution Mechanism Regulation

SSM Simplification Group

See Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)

The regulatory framework setting out the practical arrangements concerning the cooperation between the ECB and the national competent authorities within the Single Supervisory Mechanism: Regulation (EU) No 468/2014.

See Single Supervisory Mechanism Regulation (SSMR)

See SSM Framework Regulation (SSMFR)

See Single Supervisory Mechanism Regulation (SSMR)

Supervisory Banking data system

Any of the following: (a) a credit institution established in a participating Member State; (b) a financial holding company established in a participating Member State; (c) a mixed financial holding company established in a participating Member State, provided that it fulfils the conditions laid down in point (21)(b); (d) a branch established in a participating Member State by a credit institution which is established in a non-participating Member State. See also significant supervised entity, Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)

An internal body of the ECB that undertakes the planning and execution of the tasks conferred on the ECB relating to the prudential supervision of credit institutions. The Supervisory Board is composed of a Chair, a Vice-Chair, four representatives of the ECB and one representative of the national competent authority in each participating Member State of the Single Supervisory Mechanism. See also Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM)

For each significant bank, the Joint Supervisory Team produces a Supervisory Examination Programme, which sets out the main supervisory tasks and activities for the following 12 months, their tentative schedules and objectives and the need for on-site inspections and internal model investigations.

A manual detailing the general principles, processes and procedures as well as the methodology for the supervision of significant and less significant banking institutions, taking into account the principles for the functioning of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM). It describes the procedures for cooperation within the SSM and with authorities outside the SSM.

The process used to guide the supervisory review of significant and less significant credit institutions and to determine whether (on top of minimum requirements) possible additional requirements should be applied with respect to own funds, disclosure or liquidity, or whether any other supervisory measures should be applied.

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