European Central Bank - eurosystem
Search
Għażliet tat-Tfixxija
Paġna ewlenija Midja Spjegazzjonijiet Riċerka u Pubblikazzjonijiet Statistika Politika Monetarja L-€uro Ħlasijiet u Swieq Karrieri
Suġġerimenti
Issortja skont
Mhux disponibbli bil-Malti

Publications on International and European Co-operation

25 May 2023
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter to the Annual Report 2022
English
Related
25 May 2023
ANNUAL REPORT
Annual Report 2022
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (22) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR GaeilgeGA HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
English
25 May 2023
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB’s Annual Report 2021
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
25 May 2023
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB’s Annual Report 2021
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
Related
25 May 2023
ANNUAL REPORT
Annual Report 2022
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (22) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR GaeilgeGA HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
English
25 May 2023
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter to the Annual Report 2022
English
25 May 2023
SPEECH
Presentation of the ECB Annual Report 2022 to the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs of the European Parliament
English
5 May 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
5 May 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
5 May 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Clara Ponsatí Obiols, Mr Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó and Mr Antoni Comín i Oliveres, MEPs, on Eurosystem institutional issues
English
5 May 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
24 April 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on third progress report on the investigation phase of a digital euro and second focus group report
English
Related
24 April 2023
SPEECH
A digital euro: widely available and easy to use
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (5) +
Select your language
DeutschDE EspañolES FrançaisFR ItalianoIT NederlandsNL
19 April 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Clara Ponsati Obiols, Mr Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó and Mr Antoni Comin i Oliveres, MEPs, on a credit institution
English
19 April 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 April 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Henrike Hahn, Mr Ernest Urtasun and Mr Rasmus Andresen, MEPs, on economic developments in the euro area
English
19 April 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández Álvarez, MEP, on monetary policy
English
30 March 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from ECB President and ESRB Chair to Ms Mairead McGuinness, European Commissioner for Financial Stability, Financial Services and Capital Markets Union, on stress testing
English
27 March 2023
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Oil price developments and Russian oil flows since the EU embargo and G7 price cap
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2023
English
Details
Abstract
This box provides initial evidence of the impact on global oil markets and Russian oil flows of the EU embargo and the G7 price cap on Russian oil imposed in response to Russia’s war of aggression in Ukraine. Overall, international oil prices have declined amid resilient supply from Russia and lower global demand, despite the expected rebound of the Chinese economy. After some initial bottlenecks, Russia managed to redirect most of its crude oil exports from Europe to Asia, but only by continuing to offer significant price discounts relative to global prices. However, a stronger impact on global oil markets could still materialise, particularly as, since February, Russia has officially prohibited sales of crude oil to countries that adhere to the price cap mechanism. In addition, the sanctions on refined oil products are only in the early phase of implementation, with initial evidence showing that Russia is partly redirecting those flows towards Africa and unknown destinations while, in the absence of Russian imports, the European diesel market remains tight.
JEL Code
E21 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Consumption, Saving, Wealth
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
17 March 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Clara Ponsatí Obiols, Mr Carles Puigdemont i Casamajó and Mr Antoni Comín i Oliveres, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
17 March 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Henrike Hahn, Mr Ernest Urtasun and Mr Rasmus Andresen, MEPs, on climate change
English
13 March 2023
OTHER PUBLICATION
Joint ESAs-ECB Statement on disclosure on climate change for structured finance products
English
14 February 2023
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Global risks to the EU natural gas market
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2023
English
Details
Abstract
As a result of the Russian curtailment of gas deliveries, the EU gas market has become increasingly interlinked with the Asian market for liquified natural gas (LNG). This box analyses global risks to the EU gas market in 2023 by focusing on two supply risks: (i) the ongoing risk to the remaining gas imports from Russia, and (ii) a rebound in Chinese energy demand resulting from the easing of coronavirus (COVID-19) lockdown measures. If the EU decides to extend its current gas saving plan to the end of 2023, it could avoid facing a supply deficit, as long as Russia continues to deliver gas at the current low levels and Chinese gas demand remains low. However, if Russia cuts the remaining gas supplies to the EU and Chinese gas demand rebounds to 2021 levels, the EU could face a supply deficit of around 9% of projected gas consumption, and if one of the supply risks materialises, the EU’s supply deficit would be 2-4%. While there are ways of plugging this gap, EU gas security would become vulnerable to other less foreseeable shocks. For example, severe weather or a prolonged cold spell could deplete gas storage levels faster than expected and worsen the 2023 gas outlook.
JEL Code
E21 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Consumption, Saving, Wealth
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
10 February 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on monetary policy
English
10 February 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
3 February 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bas Eickhout, MEP, on climate change
English
3 February 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Pascal Canfin, MEP, on climate change
English
3 February 2023
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck and Mr Nicolaus Fest, MEPs, on high-denomination euro banknotes
English
10 January 2023
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Fiscal policy implications of euro area countries’ 2023 draft budgetary plans
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 2022
English
Details
Abstract
This box discusses fiscal policy orientation in 2023 in the context of the ongoing European Semester.
JEL Code
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
H6 : Public Economics→National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
21 December 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on progress on the investigation phase of a digital euro – second report
English
Related
21 December 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
Progress on the investigation phase of a digital euro - second report
English
16 December 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on Decisions strenghthening the ECB's integrity and good
English
Related
16 December 2022
PRESS RELEASE
ECB publishes enhanced rules for private financial transactions of high-level officials
English
7 December 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on the technical onboarding package for digital euro prototyping
English
25 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on economic policies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
25 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
25 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on monetary policy
English
25 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Domènec Ruiz Devesa, MEP, on monetary policy
English
11 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on climate change
English
11 November 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Eugen Jurzyca, MEP, on climate change
English
18 October 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on the prototyping of user interfaces for a digital euro
English
29 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on progress on the investigation phase of a digital euro
English
Related
29 September 2022
SPEECH
Building on our strengths: the role of the public and private sectors in the digital euro ecosystem
Introductory statement by Fabio Panetta, Member of the Executive Board of the ECB, at the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (5) +
Select your language
DeutschDE EspañolES FrançaisFR ItalianoIT NederlandsNL
29 September 2022
DIGITAL EURO GOVERNANCE
Progress on the investigation phase of a digital euro
English
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on climate change
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jean-Lin Lacapelle, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Johan Van Overtveldt, MEP, on monetary policy
English
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Rasmus Andresen and Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEPs, on climate change
English
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Rasmus Andresen and Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
16 September 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Rasmus Andresen and Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
4 August 2022
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Trade flows with Russia since the start of its invasion of Ukraine
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2022
English
Details
Abstract
In the aftermath of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, war-related disruptions and sanctions led to a sharp decline in trade flows with Russia. This box takes stock of recent and high frequency trade data to track flows of energy and agri-food commodities. It finds that Russia’s oil exports recovered from the post-invasion lows as some diversion of flows from sanctioning countries to Asia took place, whereas pipeline gas and agri-food commodity exports have significantly declined. The box provides an empirical assessment of the effects of the first round of sanctions in March 2022, which are estimated to have reduced Russian imports by about 15%.
JEL Code
F13 : International Economics→Trade→Trade Policy, International Trade Organizations
F40 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance→General
B40 : History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches→Economic Methodology→General
29 July 2022
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Emmanuel Faber, Chair of the International Sustainability Standard Board (ISSB) on the proposal for Sustainability Disclosure Standards aiming to provide a global baseline
English
22 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, MEP, on climate change
English
8 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on ECB tasks
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
8 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on ECB communication
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
6 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on Special Drawing Rights
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
6 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Seán Kelly, MEP, on climate change
English
6 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ville Niinistö, MEP, on climate change
English
4 July 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on progress on climate-related action plan
English
Related
4 July 2022
PRESS RELEASE
ECB takes further steps to incorporate climate change into its monetary policy operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
15 June 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, ECON Chair, on progress on digital euro investigation phase
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
The Russian invasion of Ukraine and international currencies
The international role of the euro 2022
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
The internationalisation of the renminbi: regaining strength?
The international role of the euro 2022
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
New insights from sectoral developments in international loans
The international role of the euro 2022
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
How important is invoicing currency choice for the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on trade?
The international role of the euro 2022
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Euro-based stablecoins
The international role of the euro 2022
English
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2022
English
English
Annexes
14 June 2022
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - STATISTICAL ANNEX
Statistical annex
English
6 May 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Eugen Jurzyca, MEP, on the euro
English
6 May 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
25 April 2022
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Implications of the terms-of-trade deterioration for real income and the current account
Economic Bulletin Issue 3, 2022
English
Details
Abstract
The recent sharp increase in energy prices has significantly pushed up euro area import prices, resulting in a deterioration in the euro area terms of trade. As the demand for energy is rigid in the short term, this implies a transfer of purchasing power from the euro area to the rest of the world. We estimate a net income loss of 1.3 percentage points of GDP in the last quarter of 2021 as compared with the previous year. This consists in a drop of 3.5 percentage points of GDP due to the rise in energy prices, which is only partly offset by higher euro area export prices. The resulting widening of the deficit in the energy trade balance has reduced the euro area current account balance, and this effect is only partially compensated for by other components.
JEL Code
B17 : History of Economic Thought, Methodology, and Heterodox Approaches→History of Economic Thought through 1925
F4 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
20 April 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Alin Mituta et al, MEPs, on conversion of Ukrainian hryvnia
English
20 April 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bas Eickhout and Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEPs, on climate change
English
20 April 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chris MacManus, MEP, on monetary policy
English
24 March 2022
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Financial risks in China’s corporate sector: real estate and beyond
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2022
English
Details
Abstract
Recent tensions in China’s real estate market have highlighted the risks inherent in the country’s highly leveraged corporate sector. These risks have been building up for some time, as high investment rates have coincided with high levels of debt accumulation. Moreover, the source of debt has moved beyond the traditional banking sector, with non-bank financial institutions providing financing which is less stable and more susceptible to sudden changes in investor sentiment. In addition, tensions in large corporate sectors could be transmitted to the rest of the economy through a number of channels. These channels include households, which are themselves increasingly leveraged and whose wealth is significantly exposed to the real estate market. A wider Chinese growth slowdown could, in turn, have global repercussions, given the size of the Chinese economy, its important global trade linkages and the central role it plays in international commodity markets. Against this backdrop, this article will review the rise in financial risks in China’s economy stemming from increasing private sector leverage, the interconnectedness between the financial and non-bank financial sectors, and households’ rising debt exposures.
JEL Code
E5 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
E6 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
G2 : Financial Economics→Financial Institutions and Services
G5 : Financial Economics
18 March 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to MEPs Andresen, Bloss et all on the bank transfer fees to Ukraine and Moldova
English
11 March 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 March 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luis Garicano, MEP, on euro banknotes
English
11 March 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Damien Carême, Ms Karima Delli, Mr Claude Gruffat and Ms Marie Toussaint, MEPs, on climate change
English
11 March 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on ECB communication
English
7 February 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
7 February 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ilhan Kyuchyuk, MEP, on financial sector issues
English
7 February 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
7 February 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on monetary policy
English
7 February 2022
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Valentino Grant, and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
13 January 2022
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Fiscal policies in 2022 – implications of the 2022 draft budgetary plans
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This box discusses the fiscal policy recommendations addressed to the euro area countries against the background of the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis.
JEL Code
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
H6 : Public Economics→National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
20 December 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on ECB communication
English
20 December 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chris MacManus, MEP, on a digital euro
English
20 December 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chris MacManus, MEP, on ECB communication
English
20 December 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on climate change
English
17 December 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, MEP, on the action plan to address recommendations after TARGET incidents in 2020
English
2 December 2021
OTHER PUBLICATION
Eurosystem reply to the Communication from the European Commission “The EU economy after COVID-19: implications for economic governance” of 19 October 2021
English
10 November 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Scarring effects of the pandemic on the global economy – reviewing recent evidence
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This box reviews recent data for evidence of scarring effects stemming from the coronavirus (COVID-19) shock on the global economy (excluding the euro area). Taking a production function approach perspective, it analyses recent data relevant for determining the evolution of potential output and compares them with developments in the aftermath of the Great Recession. The stylised facts suggest that the level of global potential output has declined during the pandemic, albeit less than during the Great Recession. This decline can mostly be attributed to temporary factors, although more lasting damage may occur if people remain out of work for longer, loose their skills or become long-term unemployed.
JEL Code
E22 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Capital, Investment, Capacity
E23 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Production
E24 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Employment, Unemployment, Wages, Intergenerational Income Distribution, Aggregate Human Capital
29 October 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on a digital euro
English
30 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on ECB communication
English
30 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on climate change
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
17 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on financial stability
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
17 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on monetary policy
English
17 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
17 September 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Martin Schirdewan, MEP, on climate change
English
28 July 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from Fabio Panetta to Irene Tinagli, MEP, on the independent review of TARGET incidents in 2020 and the Eurosystem’s response
English
23 July 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on European relations
English
23 July 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on cash
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
24 June 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The implications of the 2021 stability programmes for fiscal policies in the euro area
Economic Bulletin Issue 4, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This box examines the fiscal policy developments outlined in the 2021 stability programmes.
JEL Code
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
H6 : Public Economics→National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
21 June 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Philippe Lamberts, MEP, on monetary policy
English
21 June 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Johan Van Overtveldt, MEP, on monetary policy
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2021
English
English
Annexes
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Statistical annex
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Central bank digital currency and global currencies
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
EU and ECB policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and the international role of the euro
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
The euro as an invoicing currency for global trade
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
New insights on the currency denomination of official holdings of foreign exchange reserves
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
The US dollar bias of US fixed-income funds
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Household demand for euro cash in central, eastern and south-eastern European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
New estimates of foreign demand for euro banknotes
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
European Commission Communication on the European economic and financial system
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
The effectiveness of ECB currency liquidity lines
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Non-euro area investors and SURE bonds issued by the European Commission
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Model simulations of the impact of a central bank digital currency on the international role of a currency
The international role of the euro 2021
English
2 June 2021
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
New estimates of the determinants of global invoicing currency choice
The international role of the euro 2021
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on monetary policy
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on procurement
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on monetary policy
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Giorgos Kyrtsos, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on financial stability
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on European Deposit Insurance Scheme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on monetary policy
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on monetary policy
English
28 May 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
4 May 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Understanding post-referendum weakness in UK import demand and UK balance of payments risks for the euro area
Economic Bulletin Issue 3, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This article aims to take stock of how Brexit-related developments in UK import demand affected euro area foreign demand over the period 2016-19. UK import growth has slowed markedly since the Brexit referendum in 2016, particularly in terms of imports from the EU. We find that the depreciation of sterling squeezed UK household purchasing power, leading to lower import demand. We employ an ECM regression of UK import growth on the various GDP components and relative prices and detect a reduction in the UK’s overall import propensity since the referendum. We also identify sustainability risks for euro area foreign demand emanating from the UK’s balance of payments.
JEL Code
F14 : International Economics→Trade→Empirical Studies of Trade
F17 : International Economics→Trade→Trade Forecasting and Simulation
F32 : International Economics→International Finance→Current Account Adjustment, Short-Term Capital Movements
3 May 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
What is driving the recent surge in shipping costs?
Economic Bulletin Issue 3, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
A rapid recovery in activity and trade has lengthened supplier delivery times, while international shipping costs have also increased. This box analyses the factors driving the surge in shipping costs by means of a Structural VAR model. It concludes that recent developments reflect rising demand and, to a smaller degree, supply constraints in the shipping industry. At the same time, the impact of rising shipping costs on overall consumer prices is expected to be limited.
JEL Code
C11 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General→Bayesian Analysis: General
F01 : International Economics→General→Global Outlook
F41 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance→Open Economy Macroeconomics
23 April 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
English
23 April 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on monetary policy
English
23 April 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
23 April 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on ECB communication
English
26 March 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Julie Lechanteux, MEP, on the international role of the euro
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
26 March 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Aurore Lalucq, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
26 March 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Julie Lechanteux, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
26 March 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on climate change
English
26 March 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Martin Hojsík, Ms Sirpa Pietikäinen, Mr Paul Tang, Mr Gilles Boyer, Mr Pascal Canfin, Mr Bas Eickhout, MEPs, on climate change
English
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Julie Lechanteux, MEP, on a digital euro
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on climate change
English
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on monetary policy
English
5 February 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Derk Jan Eppink, MEP, on monetary policy
English
4 February 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Pandemic-induced constraints and inflation in advanced economies
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This box studies the relative impact on inflation of pandemic-induced demand and supply constraints for key advanced economies outside the euro area by using granular data on consumption expenditures and prices and a structural Bayesian Vector Autoregression (BVAR) framework. It finds that during the initial phase of the pandemic, consumer price inflation was driven more by demand-sensitive components and less by supply-sensitive ones. The structural analysis confirms a dominant role for demand shocks in the pandemic. It concludes that the impact of pandemic-related supply constraints on inflation appears limited to date. Yet, more granular analysis is needed to assess the consequences of the pandemic for the drivers of inflation.
JEL Code
C11 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General→Bayesian Analysis: General
E31 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Price Level, Inflation, Deflation
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
O11 : Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth→Economic Development→Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O40 : Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth→Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity→General
2 February 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The economic impact of the pandemic - drivers of regional differences
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
This box examines the drivers of intra-country regional differences in the economic impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19), as observed in the four largest euro area economies during the initial phase of the pandemic. More specifically, it discusses how the interaction between government containment measures, sectoral structure and trade linkages helps explain the intra-country regional variations in the labour market impact of the pandemic. It finds that the different economic impact across regions cannot be explained solely by the spread of infections, a region’s economic structure is also a key determinant. Moreover, the trade relations of a region, both within and across countries, are found to be an important indirect channel through which coronavirus-related disturbances affect regional economic activity, highlighting vulnerabilities which may arise from disruptions to highly integrated EU supply chains.
JEL Code
R11 : Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics→General Regional Economics→Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
F14 : International Economics→Trade→Empirical Studies of Trade
J40 : Labor and Demographic Economics→Particular Labor Markets→General
R15 : Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics→General Regional Economics→Econometric and Input?Output Models, Other Models
1 February 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Rotation towards normality – the impact of COVID-19 vaccine-related news on global financial markets
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2021
English
Details
Abstract
Using a database on vaccine probability events dating back to April 2020, this box assesses the impact of a broad range of COVID-19 vaccine-related news on global financial markets. It finds that positive vaccine news leads to a rotation back towards assets hardest hit by the pandemic, disproportionately benefits lagging economies and has a positive net effect on financial conditions.
JEL Code
F30 : International Economics→International Finance→General
G15 : Financial Economics→General Financial Markets→International Financial Markets
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bas Eickhout, MEP, on sustainable finance
English
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on financial stability
English
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Derk Jan Eppink, MEP, on ECB communication
English
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chris MacManus, MEP, on a digital euro
English
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chris MacManus, MEP, on ECB communication
English
22 January 2021
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on TARGET2
English
7 January 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The scarring effects of past crises on the global economy
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This box aims to assess the long-term implications of past crises for the global economy’s potential output and to discuss potential scarring effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Starting with a review of past crises and the transmission channels through which potential output is affected, it concludes that the pandemic could leave scarring effects on the global economy, with labour supply likely to be initially hit the most. However, effects on the capital stock are potentially more relevant over the medium to long term.
JEL Code
C23 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Single Equation Models, Single Variables→Panel Data Models, Spatio-temporal Models
E22 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Capital, Investment, Capacity
E23 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Production
E24 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Employment, Unemployment, Wages, Intergenerational Income Distribution, Aggregate Human Capital
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
O11 : Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth→Economic Development→Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
O40 : Economic Development, Technological Change, and Growth→Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity→General
4 January 2021
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Developments in the tourism sector during the COVID-19 pandemic
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This box assesses the implications of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic for the euro area tourism sector, trade in travel services and consumption of non-residents. Declining mobility during the pandemic has led to a slump in trade in services and tourism. As a result, the drop in non-resident consumption has acted as a shock amplification mechanism in countries exporting tourism services, i.e. countries which receive a lot of tourists, and as a shock absorption mechanism in countries importing tourism services. The partial recovery of tourism services observed during the summer months was mostly generated by domestic tourism substituting foreign tourism. The reintroduction of travel restrictions in October will likely imply that this substitution will continue to affect the dynamics of tourism services. High-frequency data on tourism, travel and services production point to a renewed overall deterioration of tourism services in the final quarter of 2020.
JEL Code
E01 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→General→Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth, Environmental Accounts
E21 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Consumption, Saving, Wealth
F14 : International Economics→Trade→Empirical Studies of Trade
Z3 : Other Special Topics
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Julie Lechanteux, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Martin Schirdewan, MEP, on TARGET2
English
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on euro area sovereign bond markets
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on monetary policy
English
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on a digital euro
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 December 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
19 November 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on AnaCredit
English
12 November 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
A revised weighting scheme for the international environment projections
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
The September 2020 ECB staff macroeconomic projections used a revised weighting scheme for the euro area’s trading partners. Two key conceptual changes were implemented in the weighting scheme this year. First, data on trade in services were used in addition to data on trade in goods. Second, the number of euro area trading partners was increased from 30 to 42. As a result of these changes, the coverage of the euro area’s foreign demand by individual country data increased from 85% to 92%, with the remaining countries covered by regional aggregates.
JEL Code
E50 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit→General
E66 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→General Outlook and Conditions
F01 : International Economics→General→Global Outlook
F17 : International Economics→Trade→Trade Forecasting and Simulation
30 October 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gunnar Beck, MEP, on monetary policy
English
30 October 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on monetary policy
English
30 October 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eleonora Evi, Ms Rosa D’Amato, Mr Ignazio Corrao and Mr Piernicola Pedicini, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
28 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on monetary policy
English
25 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, MEP, on monetary policy
English
25 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Domènec Ruiz Devesa, MEP, on monetary policy
English
25 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eleonora Evi, Ms Rosa D’Amato, Mr Ignazio Corrao and Mr Piernicola Pedicini, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
23 September 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The viral effects of foreign trade and supply networks in the euro area
Economic Bulletin Issue 6, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
Adverse shocks induced by containment measures in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) are not limited to the originating country. Foreign trade, while not the sole propagation mechanism, transmits these shocks across economies. In the euro area, the deep integration of firms within regional supply chains ‑ as well as strong final demand linkages ‑ acts as a magnifying mechanism. This article quantifies the propagation and impact of adverse shocks originating in the euro area on euro area GDP, foreign trade and trade balances. It concludes that the transmission to the rest of the euro area of a shock originating in one of the five largest Member States ranges from 15% to 28% of the original shock’s size. The negative spillover effects are most severe for open countries and those most intertwined in regional production network.
JEL Code
F00 : International Economics→General→General
F15 : International Economics→Trade→Economic Integration
F62 : International Economics→Economic Impacts of Globalization→Macroeconomic Impacts
23 September 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The fiscal implications of the EU’s recovery package
Economic Bulletin Issue 6, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
The EU’s recovery package represents an important milestone in European economic policy integration. The European financial support to be provided is intended to have a meaningful volume in macroeconomic terms, totalling almost 5% of euro area GDP. Moreover, the allocation key ensures stronger macroeconomic support for more vulnerable countries. This coordinated European policy response to COVID-19 is essential to avoid an uneven recovery and economic fragmentation while promoting economic resilience in Member States. Finally, the way that the EU has responded to the crisis also has implications for the implementation and future design of the European governance framework.
JEL Code
F45 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
H12 : Public Economics→Structure and Scope of Government→Crisis Management
21 September 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
China’s path to normalisation in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic
Economic Bulletin Issue 6, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This article will trace the decline and subsequent recovery of China’s economy following the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19). It employs high-frequency data to assess the speed at which activity in different sectors of the economy is normalising after businesses were allowed to resume operations. One particular focus will be on differentiating between the industrial and services sectors, which are subject to different health and safety measures. The article finds that China’s economic activity rose from a trough of around 20% of normal levels in February 2020 to 90% in the span of just three months. While production capacity recovered swiftly, activity normalised more gradually in the services sector, where COVID-19 containment measures had continued to weigh heavily. The recovery was driven primarily by private domestic demand and the authorities’ policy response, as the normalisation in China coincided with the implementation of lockdown measures by many of its trading partners and hence also with a fall in external demand. Looking ahead, uncertainty and risks surrounding the recovery path remain exceptionally high, owing in large part to the uncertainty regarding how the COVID-19 pandemic will develop and if and when a medical solution to the virus can be found.
JEL Code
E2 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy
E5 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
E6 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
F1 : International Economics→Trade
G1 : Financial Economics→General Financial Markets
2 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on ECB institutional issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
2 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on ECB institutional issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
2 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Manon Aubry, MEP, on ECB institutional issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
2 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 September 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio Massimo Castaldo and Mr Dino Giarrusso, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
24 July 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luis Garicano, MEP, on the investor base of euro area bonds
English
10 July 2020
OTHER PUBLICATION
ECB assessment report on completion of the commitments made by the Republic of Croatia on the macroprudential toolkit
English
10 July 2020
OTHER PUBLICATION
ECB assessment report on completion of the commitments made by the Republic of Bulgaria on the macroprudential toolkit
English
29 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Simon, MEP, on monetary policy
English
29 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
29 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Piernicola Pedicini, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Clare Daly, MEP, on the Charter of Fundamental Rights
English
19 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Domènec Ruiz Devesa and Mr Jonás Fernández, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
19 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on systemic risk in the Dutch real estate market
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Emmanouil Fragkos, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
9 June 2020
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
The role of the euro in global green bond markets
The international role of the euro 2020
English
9 June 2020
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2020
English
English
Annexes
9 June 2020
ANNEX
Statistical annex
English
Related
9 June 2020
PRESS RELEASE
International use of the euro broadly stable in 2019
English
8 June 2020
OTHER PUBLICATION
Eurosystem reply to the European Commission’s public consultations on the Renewed Sustainable Finance Strategy and the revision of the Non-Financial Reporting Directive
English
5 June 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on monetary policy
English
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on cash payments
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Domènec Ruiz Devesa, MEP, on monetary policy
English
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Raffaele Fitto, Mr Sergio Berlato, Mr Carlo Fidanza, Mr Pietro Fiocchi, Mr Nicola Procaccini and Mr Raffaele Stancanelli, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs, on monetary policy
English
15 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Emmanouil Fragkos, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
11 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Piernicola Pedicini, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
11 May 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Engin Eroglu, MEP, on the Eurosystem’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
7 May 2020
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report 2018
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
Related
7 May 2020
ANNUAL REPORT
Annual Report 2019
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
English
22 April 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Billy Kelleher, MEP, on monetary policy
English
22 April 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
22 April 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on Directive 2014/17/EU
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
22 April 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Philippe Lamberts, MEP, on monetary policy
English
22 April 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Emmanouil Fragkos, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 March 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The implications of fiscal measures to address climate change
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This box assesses the impact of fiscal measures to address climate change on growth and inflation over the March 2020 ECB staff projection horizon. Policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the EU comprise: (a) the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) and (b) national measures in sectors which are not covered by the ETS. Overall, the baseline assumes some impact of climate measures on prices related to the German climate package, while the assumed impact of measures in other countries is limited.
JEL Code
E3 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles
Q58 : Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics, Environmental and Ecological Economics→Environmental Economics→Government Policy
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
25 March 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
The role of multinational taxation in the first reversal of foreign direct investment flows in the euro area
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
The US corporate tax reform that entered into force at the beginning of 2018 resulted in foreign direct investment flows reversing for the first time in the euro area. The episode is explained fully by developments in countries which are financial centres, where disinvestment operations were carried out via special purpose entities, initially through transactions in equities and later also in debt securities. Besides the bilateral flows with the United States, which were the first to be affected, foreign direct investment flows to and from offshore centres also reversed, reflecting the complex geographical structure of capital allocation by US multinational enterprises.
JEL Code
F32 : International Economics→International Finance→Current Account Adjustment, Short-Term Capital Movements
F38 : International Economics→International Finance→International Financial Policy: Financial Transactions Tax; Capital Controls
24 March 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Multinational enterprises, financial centres and their implications for external imbalances: a euro area perspective
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This article analyses how the operations of large multinational enterprises (MNEs) affect the external account of the euro area and, in general, financial centres. The increased ease of moving intangible assets, profits and headquarters across borders poses challenges to the current framework of international statistics and economic analysis. First, the article shows how MNE operations are recorded in cross-border statistics, as well as the challenges in measuring such data. Second, the article highlights evidence of the impact that MNEs have on the external account of the euro area – this is most evident in current account balances and foreign direct investment in euro area financial centres, often involving special-purpose entities (SPEs). Third, the article looks at the tendency of financial centres to report current account surpluses that may be tentatively attributed, in part, to the activity of MNEs. Multilateral initiatives could help to improve the transparency of MNE operations and ensure an exchange of information across borders for tax and statistical purposes.
JEL Code
F21 : International Economics→International Factor Movements and International Business→International Investment, Long-Term Capital Movements
F23 : International Economics→International Factor Movements and International Business→Multinational Firms, International Business
F3 : International Economics→International Finance
23 March 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Using information in newspaper articles as an indicator of real economic activity
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This box presents a simple indicator for US real economic activity based on the textual analysis of newspaper articles. The indicator correlates well with US contractions and NBER recession dates. In order to formally assess the predictive information content of the index, it is included in a regression framework in which US recessions are forecast. Results suggest that the index has good forecasting properties, outperforming a standard yield curve model at short horizons (up to eight months ahead). The text analysis index also improves the forecasting performance of standard yield curve models at longer horizons. Taken together, these results suggest that the index is useful for monitoring and predicting economic developments, particularly over short horizons. This approach also has the advantage of being easily updatable (on a daily basis) and applicable to different countries.
JEL Code
C1 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General
C25 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Single Equation Models, Single Variables→Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, Discrete Regressors, Proportions
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
E37 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
23 March 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The state of play regarding the deepening agenda for Economic and Monetary Union
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive overview of progress with the deepening of Europe’s Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). The start of a new legislative period for the European Union (2019-24) is a natural and opportune moment to take stock of progress towards completion of the architecture of EMU. The agenda that was proposed in the 2015 Five Presidents’ Report has yet to be fully implemented, with outstanding measures in the financial, fiscal, economic and political domains. This article surveys those various domains, looking at the elements that have been completed, those that are still ongoing, and those that are desirable but not yet under way. It then identifies priorities in terms of completing the banking union, deepening the integration of Europe’s capital markets, improving the euro area’s fiscal architecture and increasing the resilience of national economic structures.
JEL Code
E61 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Policy Objectives, Policy Designs and Consistency, Policy Coordination
E63 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy, Stabilization, Treasury Policy
F55 : International Economics→International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy→International Institutional Arrangements
G28 : Financial Economics→Financial Institutions and Services→Government Policy and Regulation
6 February 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
US yield curve inversion and financial market signals of recession
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
The inversion of the US yield curve during the summer of 2019 increased speculation about the possibility of a US recession. However, standard yield curve-based recession probability models ignore factors such as the impact of quantitative easing measures that can distort the signals derived from the current yield curve. This box presents alternative models to deal with these possible distortions. In particular, measures of the term spread that account for asset purchases in the United States, spillovers from euro area purchases to US yields and the effect of foreign official reserve holdings on long-term US yields are constructed. US recession probability models that account for asset purchases predict significantly lower recession probabilities than those implied by standard yield curve models, pointing to a somewhat more benign outlook for the US economy.
JEL Code
E32 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles→Business Fluctuations, Cycles
E44 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Money and Interest Rates→Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
E47 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Money and Interest Rates→Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
G17 : Financial Economics→General Financial Markets→Financial Forecasting and Simulation
6 February 2020
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Tracking global economic uncertainty: implications for global investment and trade
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2020
English
Details
Abstract
Over the past year the global economy has transitioned from a robust and synchronised expansion to a widespread slowdown. Global growth has weakened on the back of soft investment, which was also a key driver of global trade’s sharp fall into contractionary territory in the first half of 2019 (see Chart A). The slowdown in global investment and trade has occurred in an environment of rising trade tensions between the United States and China, slowing Chinese demand, (geo-)political tensions, Brexit and idiosyncratic stresses in several emerging economies, with rising uncertainty magnifying the negative impact. Against this backdrop, this box assesses the role of uncertainty in the recent slowdown of global investment and trade.
JEL Code
F21 : International Economics→International Factor Movements and International Business→International Investment, Long-Term Capital Movements
F44 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance→International Business Cycles
C54 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Econometric Modeling→Quantitative Policy Modeling
24 January 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, Ms Francesca Donato, Mr Valentino Grant and Mr Antonio Maria Rinaldi, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
24 January 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Giorgos Georgiou, MEP, on access to cash
English
24 January 2020
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on payment services
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
20 December 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang and Ms Neena Gill, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
20 December 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, Mr Joachim Schuster, Mr Jonás Fernández, Ms Neena Gill, Ms Aurore Lalucq and Mr Eero Heinäluoma, MEPs, on stablecoin initiatives
English
13 December 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Stelios Kouloglou, MEP, on ECB’s institutional issues
English
13 December 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Antonio Tajani and Mr Antonio López-Istúriz White, MEPs, on the use of euro banknotes outside the euro area
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
13 December 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulos, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 November 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on monetary policy
English
27 September 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Domènec Ruiz Devesa, MEP, on monetary policy
English
27 September 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on institutional matters
English
27 September 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy MEP, on institutional matters
English
27 September 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on stablecoin initiatives
English
8 August 2019
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Priorities for fiscal policies under the 2019 European Semester
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2019
English
Details
Abstract
This box examines the fiscal policy recommendations addressed to the euro area countries against the background of downside risks to the outlook for a continued economic expansion. The examination shows that in countries with high levels of government debt, building buffers to strengthen resilience in cyclical downturns remains a priority for fiscal policies. At the same time, countries that have achieved sound fiscal positions could utilise some fiscal space for measures to support economic growth.
JEL Code
E62 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook→Fiscal Policy
H6 : Public Economics→National Budget, Deficit, and Debt
8 August 2019
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Country-specific recommendations for economic policies under the 2019 European Semester
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2019
English
Details
Abstract
This box examines the country-specific recommendations (CSRs) for economic policies in euro area countries under the 2019 European Semester. Overall, the 2019 CSRs place greater emphasis on investment-enhancing structural policies and financial sector policies. However, continued weak CSR implementation by Member States remains a challenge. The implementation of structural reforms needs to be substantially stepped up to increase the economic resilience and growth potential of the euro area.
JEL Code
E02 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→General→Institutions and the Macroeconomy
E6 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook
F02 : International Economics→General→International Economic Order
26 July 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on stablecoin initiatives
English
26 July 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on a Slovenian draft law on judicial relief granted to former holders of qualified bank credit
English
10 July 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on the European distribution of debt instruments (EDDI) initiative
English
28 June 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on the collateral eligibility criteria for unsecured bank bonds
English
14 June 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 June 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
14 June 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on the Irish economy
English
14 June 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Markus Ferber, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2019
English
English
Annexes
12 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Statistical annex
English
Related
13 June 2019
PRESS RELEASE
International use of the euro increases
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
The benefits and costs of the international role of the euro
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Quantifying the “exorbitant privilege” – potential benefits
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Implications of dominant currency pricing for the global
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Euro-US dollar exposures in cross-border banking
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Internationalisation of the Chinese renminbi – state of play
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Global currency areas
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Role of the US dollar as an invoicing currency for oil imports
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Advances in market infrastructures and implications for the international use of the euro
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Use of euro cash in CESEE countries
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
New evidence on international currencies and the monetary policy trilemma
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Currency swap lines and international currency status
The international role of the euro 2019
English
13 June 2019
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - BOX
Overview of the Communication on the international role of the euro issued by the European Commission on 5 December 2018
The international role of the euro 2019
English
2 May 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
NederlandsNL
2 May 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sotirios Zarianopoulos, MEP, on the Greek economy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 May 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eleonora Evi, Mr Piernicola Pedicini, Ms Isabella Adinolfi, Ms Laura Agea, Ms Tiziana Beghin, Ms Rosa D’Amato, Mr Fabio Massimo Castaldo, Mr Ignazio Corrao, Ms Laura Ferrara, Mr Dario Tamburrano, Mr Marco Zullo, MEPs, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating in international discussion fora
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 May 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek economy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 May 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
1 April 2019
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter of the Annual Report 2018
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
Related
1 April 2019
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report for 2017
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
1 April 2019
ANNUAL REPORT
Annual Report 2018
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
English
1 April 2019
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report for 2017
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
Related
1 April 2019
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter of the Annual Report 2018
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
1 April 2019
ANNUAL REPORT
Annual Report 2018
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
English
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Lucke, MEP, on TARGET2
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on high-denomination euro banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Ulrike Trebesius, MEP, on the ECB’s human resource policies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Piernicola Pedicini, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on Treaty provisions on foreign reserves
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
28 March 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 February 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, MEP, on the Eurosystem credit assessment framework
English
13 February 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Auke Zijlstra, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
NederlandsNL
13 February 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Werner Langen, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
16 January 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
16 January 2019
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Stelios Kouloglou, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
28 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating in international discussion fora
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEP, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, Mr Paul Tang, Mr Sven Giegold, Mr Wolf Klinz, Mr Ashley Fox, MEPs, on the Eurosystem credit assessment framework
English
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating in international discussion fora
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Nessa Childers, MEP, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating in international discussion fora
English
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Kostadinka Kuneva, MEP, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating in international discussion fora
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
16 November 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on emergency liquidity assistance (ELA)
English
14 September 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek economy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 September 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek economy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 September 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on a central bank digital currency
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
14 September 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on high-denomination euro banknotes
English
14 September 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Joachim Starbatty and Ms Ulrike Trebesius, MEP, on TARGET2
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
26 July 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
26 July 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
26 June 2018
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Foreign direct investment and its drivers: a global and EU perspective
Economic Bulletin Issue 4, 2018
English
Details
Abstract
The relevance of foreign direct investment (FDI) as a source of economic activity has increased rapidly over the last decade. Between 2000 and 2016 the share of FDI stock in global GDP increased from 22% to 35%. Following a decline during the Great Recession, mergers and acquisitions (M&As), the most dynamic component of FDI, have recovered, reaching a record value of USD 1.2 trillion in the first quarter of 2018. The intensification of FDI activity has important implications for both origin and destination countries in terms of, for example, economic growth, productivity, wages and employment. Moreover, the expansion of multinational enterprises (MNEs) has been accompanied by the creation of complex cross-border production chains, which also has important implications. This article presents several findings regarding the main developments in and determinants of FDI over the past decade, at both global and EU level. Since the beginning of the 2000s there has been a gradual shift in the global FDI landscape, with emerging market economies (EMEs) gaining in prominence both as a source of and as a destination for such investment. EMEs have attracted a growing share of FDI flows, reaching more than 50% of the world’s total inward FDI in 2013. In addition, FDI flows are dominated by a relatively small number of M&As. In 2016 M&As with a value in excess of USD 1 billion accounted for only 1% of all FDI projects, but they generated 55% of total FDI flows. Moreover, evidence suggests that FDI and exports are not competing but complementary strategies for serving foreign markets. Finally, since 2008 EU countries are no longer the world’s main FDI investors and recipients. Nevertheless, econometric analysis shows that belonging to the EU dramatically boosts FDI flows in member countries.
JEL Code
F21 : International Economics→International Factor Movements and International Business→International Investment, Long-Term Capital Movements
F23 : International Economics→International Factor Movements and International Business→Multinational Firms, International Business
15 June 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sander Loones, MEP, regarding the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices
English
15 June 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on the Irish adjustment programme
English
15 June 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, Ms Neena Gill, Mr Jonás Fernández, MEPs, on recent initiatives on sustainable finance
English
15 June 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Csaba Molnár, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
5 June 2018
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2018
English
English
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Georgios Epitideios, MEP, on circulation of counterfeit banknotes in Europe
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on the Eurosystem Credit Assessment Framework
English
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Stelios Kouloglou, MEP, on ECB’s institutional issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Kostadinka Kuneva, MEP, on ECB’s institutional issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Joachim Starbatty, MEP, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paul Tang, MEP, on ECB’s interactions with external parties
English
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, regarding financial conditions for euro area households
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Joachim Starbatty and Ms Ulrike Trebesius, MEPs, regarding the public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
26 April 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, regarding the ESRB High-Level Task Force on Safe Assets
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
9 April 2018
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report for 2016
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (21) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
14 March 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Laura Agea, MEP, on aspects related to banknotes production
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 February 2018
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on structural reforms in Spain
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
8 February 2018
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Kostadinka Kuneva, MEP, on the European Court of Auditor’s report on Greece
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
8 February 2018
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
8 February 2018
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Enrique Calvet Chambon, MEP, on the European financial sector
English
26 January 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several MEPs on ECB’s interactions with external parties
English
24 January 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr David Coburn, MEP, on monetary policy
English
24 January 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on house auctions in Greece
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
24 January 2018
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Laura Agea and Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 December 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Angelo Ciocca, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Lucke, MEP, regarding public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
29 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on Target2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
9 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to S&D Members, MEP, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
9 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Angelo Ciocca, MEP, on the corporate sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
9 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Angelo Ciocca, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
9 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on payment services
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
9 November 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on the public sector purchase programme
English
13 October 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Tajani, President of the European Parliament, regarding the draft addendum to the ECB Guidance to banks on non-performing loans
English
13 October 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from Danièle Nouy, Chair of the Supervisory Board, to Mr Tajani, President of the European Parliament, regarding the draft addendum to the ECB Guidance to banks on non-performing loans
English
10 October 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ernest Urtasun, Mr Sven Giegold, Ms Molly Scott Cato, Mr Michel Reimon, Mr Bas Eickhout, MEPs, on climate change
English
10 October 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
15 September 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on aspects related to banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
15 September 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
30 August 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Ulrike Trebesius and Mr Joachim Starbatty, MEPs, on the Public Sector Purchase Programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
30 August 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
30 August 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Sophia in’t Veld, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
25 July 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mrs Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on the financial sector adjustment programme for Spain
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
20 July 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mrs Paloma López Bermejo and Mr Manuel Viegas, MEPs, on virtual currency schemes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
20 July 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Werner Langen, MEP, on fighting tax evasion
English
20 July 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on the ECB Financial Stability Report
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
7 July 2017
OTHER PUBLICATION
ECB contribution to the European Commission’s consultation on the operations of the European Supervisory Authorities, July 2017
English
6 July 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on the deposits held by US multinationals in Eurozone banks
English
5 July 2017
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
The euro and the geography of the foreign exchange market
The international role of the euro 2017
English
5 July 2017
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Violations in covered interest parity and the euro's role as an international financing currency
The international role of the euro 2017
English
5 July 2017
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Unofficial euroisation in CESEE countries
The international role of the euro 2017
English
5 July 2017
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2017
English
26 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luigi Morgano, MEP, on AnaCredit
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
26 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to several Members of the European Parliament on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
16 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on the economic situation in Portugal
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
8 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on the European Deposit Insurance Scheme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
8 June 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Sophia in ‘t Veld and Mr Sven Giegold, MEPs, on payment services
English
23 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Sylvie Goulard, MEP, on monetary policy
English
23 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
11 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Lynn Boylan, MEP, on the implementation of monetary policy
English
11 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on emergency liquidity assistance (ELA)
English
11 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Charles Goerens, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
11 May 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 May 2017
OTHER PUBLICATION
ECB contribution to the European Commission’s consultation on Capital Markets Union mid-term review 2017
English
11 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rosa D’Amato, Mr Marco Valli, Mr Piernicola Pedicini, Ms Eleonora Evi, MEPs, on the eligibility criteria of the APP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Laura Agea, Mr Fabio de Masi, Mr Hans-Olaf Henkel, Mr Bernd Lucke, Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (2) +
Select your language
DeutschDE ItalianoIT
10 April 2017
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter of the Annual Report 2016
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
10 April 2017
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report for 2015
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (22) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV MaltiMT NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
6 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
6 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Stelios Kouloglou, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
6 April 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on Portuguese government debt instruments
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
1 March 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on Spanish legislation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
1 March 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on the financial sector adjustment programme for Spain
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
6 February 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Alfred Sant, MEP, on the European Court of Auditor’s report on the SSM
English
3 February 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Marina Albiol Guzmán, MEP, on consumer protection
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
3 February 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Molly Scott Cato and Mr Ernest Urtasun, MEPs, on monetary policy implementation
English
3 February 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
23 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Werner Langen, MEP, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Costas Mavrides, MEP, on cooperative banks
English
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Lucke, MEP, on monetary policy implementation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Enrique Calvet Chambon, MEP, on the EU regulatory, supervisory and oversight framework
English
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
20 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr David Coburn, MEP, on the ECB sanctioning powers in cases of breaches
English
11 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Pervenche Berès, MEP, on the legal framework for central counterparties
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
11 January 2017
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Enrique Calvet Chambon, MEP, on monetary policy
English
22 December 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, on the ECB sanctioning powers in cases of breaches
English
15 December 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Valli, MEP, and Mr Zanni, MEP, on the implementation of monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Borghezio, MEP, on high-denomination euro banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
29 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
17 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ciocca, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
17 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Molnar, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
17 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Urtasun, MEP, on the implementation of monetary policy
English
9 November 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms López Bermejo, MEP, on the advisory role of the ECB with regard to draft legislation falling within its fields of competence
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
21 October 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bullmann, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
18 October 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Cozzolino, MEP, on targeted longer-term refinancing operations
English
18 October 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms López Bermejo, MEP, on the implementation of monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
18 October 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fernández, MEP, on cash payment
English
20 September 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fernández and Mr Tang, MEPs, on monetary policy
English
20 September 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to ALDE MEPs regarding the reinstatement of the waiver affecting the eligibility of Greek bonds
English
14 September 2016
OTHER PUBLICATION
Eurosystem contribution to the European Commission's DG FISMA consultation paper on further considerations for the implementation of the net stable funding ratio in the European Union
English
31 August 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Reinhard Bütikofer, MEP, concerning the ECB's work on green finance
English
31 August 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the legal framework for appointing the members of banks’ boards of directors
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
31 August 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, regarding the possible purchases of marketable instruments issued or guaranteed by the Hellenic Republic under the public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
31 August 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy, MEP, regarding the ECB Financial Stability Report
English
4 August 2016
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The layers of the global financial safety net: taking stock
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2016
English
27 July 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy, MEP, regarding the Irish economy
English
7 July 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Benedek Jávor, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
7 July 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
7 July 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Ana Gomes, Mr Carlos Zorrinho, Mr Pedro Silva Pereira, Mr Francisco Assis, Ms Liliana Rodrigues, Mr Ricardo Serrao Santos, Ms Maria Joao Rodrigues, MEPs, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
7 July 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on the economic policy of the euro area
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
15 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Csaba Molnár, MEP, on the activities of the Hungarian National Bank
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
MagyarHU
8 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
8 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni and Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, regarding macroprudential policies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 June 2016
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, June 2016
English
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on euro banknkotes and coins
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr José Manuel Fernandes, MEP, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, regarding a less significant credit institution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernard Monot, MEP, on the ECB's monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
2 June 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, and Mr Marco Valli, MEP, on 5 euro coins
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
20 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on AnaCredit
English
18 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP, on the Portuguese adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
18 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP, on the public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on deposit guarantees schemes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
3 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Steeve Briois and Mr Bernard Monot, MEPs, on the ECB’s monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
3 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on macro prudential measures
English
3 May 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on non-performing loans
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Csaba Molnár, MEP, on Hungarian legislation and the monetary policy of the Hungarian National Bank
English
22 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on the ECB’s proceeds from sanctions
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
22 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on low interest rates
English
22 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on high-denomination banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
21 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Fabio De Masi, MEP, on monetary policy
English
7 April 2016
OTHER PUBLICATION
Cover letter to the transmission letter of the Annual Report 2015
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (2) +
Select your language
DeutschDE ItalianoIT
7 April 2016
OTHER PUBLICATION
Feedback on the input provided by the European Parliament as part of its resolution on the ECB Annual Report 2014
English
6 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the Eurosystem’s operational framework for monetary policy implementation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
6 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the eligibility criteria and other aspects of the APP
English
6 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the eligibility criteria of the APP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
5 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
5 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernard Monot, MEP, on commodities markets
English
5 April 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP, on gold reserves
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Laura Ferrara, Mr Marco Valli, Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on total seigniorage income earned by the ECB and on the NCBs’ shares in the capital of the ECB
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the Agreement on Net Financial Assets
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
15 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Alfred Sant, MEP, on the ECB’s human resource policies
English
15 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 March 2016
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter by the ECB President to Mr Richard Sulík on Slovakian legislation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
SlovenčinaSK
1 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, Mr Nikolaus Chountis, Ms Sofia Sakorafa and Mr Miguel Urbán Crespo on the Greek adjustment programme
English
1 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dennis de Jong on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating to international discussion fora
English
1 March 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernández on monetary policy
English
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to ENF members, EP, on the financing situation of small and medium-sized enterprises in the euro area
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Annemans, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
NederlandsNL
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kouloglou, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marias, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Borghezio, MEP, on the application of resolution tools
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
18 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Balz, MEP, on the Agreement on Net Financial Assets
English
4 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr De Masi, MEP, on international economic development
English
4 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Papadimoulis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
4 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Papadimoulis, MEP, on principles for external communication by members of the Executive Board and by ECB staff
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
4 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to ECR Members (EP) on the ECB’s communication policy in relation to the provision of emergency liquidity assistance (ELA)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
4 February 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr De Masi, MEP, on principles for external communication by members of the Executive Board
English
26 January 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Elisa Ferreira, MEP, on issues related to the Banking Union
English
15 January 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from Sabine Lautenschläger, Member of the Executive Board and Vice-Chair of the Supervisory Board, to Mr Pieper, MEP, on AnaCredit
English
13 January 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zanni, MEP, and Mr Valli, MEP, on the Money Market Contact Group
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
13 January 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zanni, MEP, and Mr Valli, MEP, on targeted longer-term refinancing operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
13 January 2016
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Papadimoulis, MEP, and Mr Kouloglou, MEP, on several aspects of the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Giegold, MEP, on the ECB’s participation in international fora
English
18 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr De Masi, MEP, on the ECB’s HR polices
English
16 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the European Ombudsman on AnaCredit
English
10 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Papadimoulis (MEP) on the ECB Opinion of 2 September 2015 on bank resolution
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Valli, MEP, and Mr Zanni, MEP, on principles for external communication by members of the Executive Board
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
3 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Viegas, MEP, on principles for external communication by members of the Executive Board
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Carthy, MEP, on the ESM direct recapitalisation instrument
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Papadimoulis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to members of the ALDE Group in the EP on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zanni, MEP, and Mr Valli, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zanni, MEP, and Mr Valli, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms In 't Veld, MEP, on virtual currency schemes
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Hayes, MEP, on monetary policy
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mavrides, MEP, on the United Nations-led negotiations between the two communities in Cyprus
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
2 December 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mavrides, MEP
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Carthy, MEP, on the Irish adjustment programme
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Carthy, MEP, on the use of the term “no-bail-out clause”
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Carthy, MEP, on the ESM direct recapitalisation instrument
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on several aspects of the ECB’s human resource policies
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernandez, MEP, on the current regulatory framework for sovereign exposures
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fernandez, MEP, on the Economic and Monetary Union
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Flanagan, MEP, on several aspects of the Irish adjustment programme
English
17 November 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zanni, MEP, and Mr Valli, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
4 November 2015
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - BOX
Trade links between the euro area and China
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2015
English
28 October 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on members of the ECB’s decision-making bodies participating to public and private debates
English
28 October 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 October 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 October 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on virtual currency schemes and alternative forms of payment
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
29 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Syriza Party MEPs on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold and Mr Peter Simon, MEPs, on AnaCredit
English
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Richard Sulik, MEP, on TARGET2 operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
SlovenčinaSK
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the access to ECB documents
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the ECB Staff Survey
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Mara Bizzotto, MEP, on consumer protection
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni and Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, on the provision of emergency liquidity assistance (ELA)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on the provision of emergency liquidity assistance (ELA)
English
8 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Members of Europe Nations and Freedoms on the main building of the European Central Bank
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
8 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernández, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on SAFE survey results
English
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Brian Hayes, MEP, on the ECB’s letter to the European Ombudsman
English
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on targeted longer-term refinancing operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on statistics on financial sector assistance measures provided by governments
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on manipulation of financial markets and insider trading
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Richard Sulik, MEP, on Slovakian legislation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
SlovenčinaSK
3 September 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on The Economic Adjustment Programme for Cyprus
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
29 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Martin Schulz, President of the European Parliament, and Roberto Gualtieri, Chair of ECON, concerning a request from several MEPs
English
29 July 2015
OTHER PUBLICATION
Follow-up letter from the ECB President to Ms Marian Harkin, MEP, on the ECB’s participation in the Irish parliamentary Committee of Inquiry
English
14 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni and Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, on money supply
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
14 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Zanni and Mr Marco Valli, MEPs, on speech delivered by a member of the ECB Executive Board on 18 May 2015
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
14 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Janusz Korwin-Mikke, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PolskiPL
14 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on the Cypriot banking sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
14 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on monetary policy
English
8 July 2015
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
The role of currency invoicing for the international transmission
The international role of the euro 2015
English
8 July 2015
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Stability or upheaval? The currency composition of international
The international role of the euro 2015
English
8 July 2015
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2015
English
Related
8 July 2015
PRESS RELEASE
Diverging monetary policy cycles impact international use of the euro
English
1 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy, MEP, on the Irish adjustment programme
English
1 July 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 June 2015
OTHER PUBLICATION
Completing Europe's Economic and Monetary Union
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (22) +
Select your language
БългарскиBG ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR HrvatskiHR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV MaltiMT NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT RomânăRO SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
Related
22 June 2015
PRESS RELEASE
Roadmap for the future of the Economic and Monetary Union
English
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP, on the Cypriot banking sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Burkhard Balz, MEP, on the Eurosystem Credit Assessment Framework
English
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the Public Sector Purchase Programme (PSPP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the access to ECB documents
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
18 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernández, MEP, on the Economic and Monetary Union
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
11 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Alfred Sant, MEP, on ECB employment policy
English
11 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Ulrike Trebesius, MEP, on monetary policy
English
11 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on several aspects of the Irish adjustment programme
English
11 June 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Emily O'Reilly, European Ombudsman, regarding a speech delivered by a member of the ECB Executive Board on 18 May 2015.
English
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on temporary agency work at the ECB
English
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Kölmel, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the ECB’s new premises
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Notis Marias, MEP, on Advocate General’s Opinion in Case C-62/14
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Urbán Crespo, MEP, on aspects related to banknotes production
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on the Public Sector Purchase Programme (PSPP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
22 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Lucke, MEP, on the Public Sector Purchase Programme (PSPP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ramon Tremosa i Balcells, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme
English
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to ECR Members
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Costas Mavrides, MEP
English
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on the new ECB premises
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on non-performing loans
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEPs, on electronic money
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 May 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on the public sector purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernandez, MEP
English
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Members of the EFDD on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Mara Bizzotto, MEP, and Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on the ECB’s new premises
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP
English
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on several aspects of the Irish adjustment programme
English
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, and Ms Eider Gardiazabal Rubial, MEP, on the judgement of the General Court of the European Union of 4 March 2015 in Case T-496/11
English
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli, MEP, and Mr Marco Zanni, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Eva Kaili, MEP, on monetary policy
English
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio de Masi, MEP, and Mr Neoklis Sylikiotis, MEP, on the Cypriot banking sector
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP, on virtual currency schemes (VCS)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
21 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Hugues Bayet, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Members of GUE/NGL on monetary policy
English
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on Outright Monetary Transactions (OMTs)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernandez, MEP, on the expanded asset purchase programme (APP)
English
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernandez, MEP, on the eligibility of Greek bonds used as collateral in Eurosystem monetary policy operations
English
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernandez, MEP, on the eligibility of Greek bonds used as collateral in Eurosystem monetary policy operations
English
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Members of GUE/NGL on the eligibility of Greek bonds used as collateral in Eurosystem monetary policy operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
15 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on the eligibility of Greek bonds used as collateral in Eurosystem monetary policy operations
English
1 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to EFDD Members on high-denomination euro banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
1 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on Outright Monetary Transactions
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 April 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the Eligibility of Greek bonds used as collateral in Eurosystem monetary policy operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Enrique Calvet Chambon, MEP, on the extended asset purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli, MEP, and Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on the ABS purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the S&D Members on the extended asset purchase programme
English
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the Greek adjustment programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
11 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
3 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Mara Bizzotto, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
3 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on several aspects of the Irish adjustment programme
English
3 March 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonas Fernandez, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
24 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to MEP Harkin on the ECB’s participation in the Irish parliamentary Committee of Inquiry
English
24 February 2015
OTHER PUBLICATION
Letter of the President of the ECB to the President of the Eurogroup, Mr Jeroen Dijsselbloem, on the list of measures submitted by the Greek authorities
English
18 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Miguel Viegas, MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
18 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Matt Carthy, MEP, on several aspects of the Irish adjustment programme
English
18 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jonás Fernández, MEP, on monetary policy
English
18 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos , MEP, on monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
18 February 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on institutional matters
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
26 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on certain aspects of the macroeconomic adjustment programme in Greece
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos , MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
14 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Gianluca Buonanno , MEP, on financial regulation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on the targeted longer-term refinancing operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
8 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Luke Ming Flanagan, MEP, on monetary policy
English
8 January 2015
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Valli and Mr Marco Zanni, MEP, on fiscal and monetary policies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 December 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from Jean-Claude Trichet, President of the ECB, and Mr. Fernandez-Ordonez to Mr. Zapatero, Prime Minister of Spain, on 5 August 2011
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
19 December 2014
OTHER PUBLICATION
Reply from Mr. Zapatero, Prime Minister of Spain to Jean-Claude Trichet, President of the ECB, on 6 August 2011
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
17 December 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio De Masi, MEP, on the ABSPP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
17 December 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on adjustment programmes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
17 December 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the ABSPP and CBPP3
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
10 December 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma López Bermejo, MEP, on aspects related to banknotes production
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
26 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP, on the ABS purchase programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
26 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernard Monot, MEP, on the ABS purchase programme and the ‘funding’ of the Eurosystem’s lending operations
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
26 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Fabio de Masi, MEP, on temporary labour at the ECB
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Paloma Lopez Bermejo, MEP, on unconventional measures and fiscal policies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Brian Hayes, MEP, on participation of Irish banks in the TLTRO
English
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Bernd Lucke, MEP, on ECB measures
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on unconventional measures
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Sophie Montel, MEP, on ECB measures
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on the Greek programme
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Kostas Chrysogonos, MEP, on Greek banks
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nicola Caputo, MEP, on various issues
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
3 November 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, MEP, on Greek banks
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
17 October 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Valli and Mr Zanni, MEPs
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
17 October 2014
OTHER PUBLICATION
Contribution of the Eurosystem to the public consultation of the European Commission on the mid-term review of the “Europe 2020 strategy”
English
10 October 2014
OTHER PUBLICATION
Progress through crisis? Proceedings of the conference for the 20th anniversary of the establishment of the European Monetary Institute
English
1 October 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Balz, MEP
English
1 October 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Hayes, MEP
English
1 October 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Hayes, MEP
English
24 September 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Isabella Adinolfi, Marco Affronte, Laura Agea and 14 other Members of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
7 August 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr De Masi, MEP
English
16 July 2014
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Dissecting foreign investments in euro area bond markets during the sovereign debt crisis
The international role of the euro
English
16 July 2014
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Reserve diversification and global foreign exchange markets: an overview of the literature
The international role of the euro 2014
English
16 July 2014
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
An overview of trends in bond market issuance denominated in foreign currency
The international role of the euro 2014
English
16 July 2014
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2014
English
Related
16 July 2014
PRESS RELEASE
Signs of a turnaround in the international use of the euro
English
26 May 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
26 May 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Zijlstra, MEP
English
21 May 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
7 May 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
19 February 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Crescenzio Rivellini, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 February 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
19 February 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
28 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Andreas Pitsillides, MEP
English
28 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Peter van Dalen, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
NederlandsNL
28 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP
English
28 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
28 January 2014
OTHER PUBLICATION
Handbook of National Accounting: Financial Production, Flows and Stocks in the System of National Accounts
English
Related
28 January 2014
PRESS RELEASE
ESRB General Board meeting in Frankfurt
English
16 January 2014
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Medium-term prospects for China’s economy and the internationalisation of the renminbi
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2014
English
13 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Raül Romeva i Rueda, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
13 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
13 January 2014
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ramon Tremosa i Balcells, MEP
English
10 January 2014
OTHER PUBLICATION
ECB response to the questionnaire of the European Parliament on the troika
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (2) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL PortuguêsPT
19 December 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 December 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
19 December 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Claudio Morganti, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
25 November 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Francisco Sosa Wagner, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
25 November 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP
English
20 November 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
23 October 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
30 September 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Nessa Childers, MEP
English
10 September 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ramon Tremosa i Balcells, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
10 September 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Cristiana Muscardini, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
10 September 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Niki Tzavela, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Niki Tzavela, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Niki Tzavela, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP
English
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
1 August 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
19 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Κratsa-Τsagaropoulou, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
16 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Francisco Sosa Wagner, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
16 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Marco Scurria, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
16 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
16 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
11 July 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 July 2013
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
Global safe asset shortage, non-traditional reserve currencies and the global financial crisis
The international role of the euro 2013
English
2 July 2013
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
The emergence of the Chinese Renminbi as an international currency
The international role of the euro 2013
English
2 July 2013
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO - SPECIAL FEATURE
History, gravity and international finance
The international role of the euro 2013
English
2 July 2013
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2013
English
Related
2 July 2013
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
25 June 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Nessa Childers, MEP
English
25 June 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr David Campbell Bannerman, MEP
English
25 June 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
20 June 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB Vice-President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Auke Zijlstra, MEP
English
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
13 May 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Martina Anderson, MEP
English
4 April 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Francesco Enrico Speroni, MEP
English
4 April 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
15 March 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Liêm Hoang Ngoc, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
28 January 2013
OTHER PUBLICATION
Bank structural reform - Position of the Eurosystem on the Commission's consultation document
English
17 January 2013
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Intra-euro area trade linkages and external adjustment
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2013
English
9 January 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP
English
9 January 2013
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Crescenzio Rivellini, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
4 December 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
4 December 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
23 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB Vice-President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
15 November 2012
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Recent economic and financial developments in EU candidate countries
Economic Bulletin Issue 11, 2012
English
15 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr RareÅŸ-Lucian Niculescu, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
RomânăRO
15 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
7 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Niki Tzavela, MEP
English
7 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Claudio Morganti, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
7 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
7 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Lorenzo Fontana, MEP
English
7 November 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 August 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Teixeira, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
2 August 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Roberts ZÄ«le, MEP
English
11 July 2012
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2012
English
Related
11 July 2012
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
4 July 2012
OTHER PUBLICATION
Second letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
4 July 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
14 June 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ramon Tremosa-i-Balcells, MEP
English
14 June 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Giommaria Uggias, Mr. Gianni Vattimo, Mr. Andrea Zanoni, and Mr. Niccolò Rinaldi, MEP
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
11 June 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, Member of the European Parliament on the role of ISDA
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
24 May 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Oreste Rossi, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
24 April 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Francisco Sosa Wagner, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
24 April 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
24 April 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 April 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Giegold, Member of the European Parliament, on the two three-year longer-term refinancing operations (LTROs)
English
15 March 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Chountis, Member of the European Parliament, on private sector participation in the restructuring of Greek debt
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
5 March 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Salavrakos, Member of the European Parliament, on the international role of the euro
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
5 March 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Salavrakos, Member of the European Parliament, on the use of €200 and €500 banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
23 February 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Giegold, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
23 February 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Wagner, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
23 February 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Rivellini and Mr Salatto, Members of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
23 February 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Tremosa-i-Balcells, Member of the European Parliament
English
27 January 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Marisa Matias and Mr Miguel Portas, Members of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
18 January 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 January 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 January 2012
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Francisco Sosa Wagner, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EspañolES
20 December 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
20 December 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
9 December 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
20 October 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
19 October 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
5 August 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ioannis A. Tsoukalas, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
3 August 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Nuno Teixeira, Member of the European Parliament, regarding the exchange rate of the euro
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
22 July 2011
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2011
English
Related
22 July 2011
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
5 July 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Andreas Mölzer, Member of the European Parliament, relating to monetary policy and questions on inflation
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
21 June 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Marine Le Pen, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
16 June 2011
OTHER PUBLICATION
BIS triennial survey 2010 - euro area data
English
10 June 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mário David, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
10 June 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
12 May 2011
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The external representation of the EU and EMU
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2011
English
3 May 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
19 April 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Teixeira, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
19 April 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
4 March 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Andreas Mölzer, Member of the European Parliament, concerning questions on transfers to the European Central Bank
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
17 February 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions on the international monetary system
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
14 February 2011
OTHER PUBLICATION
Contribution of the Eurosystem to the public consultation of the European Commission on the communication "Towards a Single Market Act"
English
10 February 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions on the position of the European Central Bank regarding the Balz report in the European Parliament on the ECB’s Annual Report 2009
English
21 January 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Sven Giegold, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions on the public debt of Member States of the European Union
English
19 January 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions relating to a repayment extension for loans to Greece
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
19 January 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Diogo Feio, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions on the visit of a European Central Bank official to Portugal
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
17 January 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nick Griffin, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions on the printing of former currencies by euro area countries
English
14 January 2011
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament, regarding a question on the assumption by the Portuguese state of the financial liabilities of Banco Português de Negócios
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
8 December 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Crescenzio Rivellini, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions related to the European economic strategy regarding China’s monetary policy
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
ItalianoIT
2 December 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Diogo Feio, Member of the European Parliament, regarding press reports pertaining to Greece.
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
15 July 2010
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The effectiveness of euro area fiscal policies
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2010
English
14 July 2010
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2010
English
Related
14 July 2010
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
7 July 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ioannis A. Tsoukalas, Member of the European Parliament, on questions related to the Greek crisis
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
28 June 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Andreas Mölzer, Member of the European Parliament, regarding questions related to the governance of the euro area
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
DeutschDE
17 June 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the European Council, Mr. Herman Van Rompuy, presenting the ECB's Governing Council proposals for reinforcing economic governance in the euro area
English
17 June 2010
OTHER PUBLICATION
Reinforcing economic governance in the euro area
English
21 May 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paulo Rangel, Member of the European Parliament, regarding structural reforms
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
24 March 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament, regarding credit rating agencies
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
16 March 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament, concerning the increase in the capital of Banco Português de Negócios (BPN)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
12 March 2010
OTHER PUBLICATION
Strenghtening macro and micro-prudential supervision in EU candidates and potential candidates
English
Related
19 January 2010
PRESS RELEASE
ECB and the European Commission launch assistance programme on supervision for EU candidates
English
11 March 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Diogo Feio, Member of the European Parliament, regarding the economic situation in Portugal
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
18 February 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Nikolaos Chountis, Member of the European Parliament, related to the income of Mr. Provopoulos, Governor of the Bank of Greece
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
2 February 2010
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Nuno Melo, Member of the European Parliament, concerning the increase in the capital of Banco Português de Negócios (BPN)
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
21 January 2010
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The ECB's relations with European Union institutions and bodies - trends and prospects
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2010
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (4) +
Select your language
DeutschDE EspañolES FrançaisFR ItalianoIT
14 January 2010
OTHER PUBLICATION
Contribution of the Eurosystem to the public consultation of the European Commission on the future “EU 2020” strategy
English
22 October 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Jim Higgins, Member of the European Parliament, concerning the ECB's considerations on issuing a €30 banknote
English
16 October 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Jim Higgins, Member of the European Parliament, concerning consumer protection and banking practices in Spain
English
8 July 2009
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2009
English
Related
8 July 2009
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
15 May 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ashley Mote, Member of the European Parliament
English
14 May 2009
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Five years of EU membership
Economic Bulletin Issue 5, 2009
English
26 March 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Eoin Ryan, Member of the European Parliament, concerning the recent widening of spreads between euro area government bond yields
English
16 March 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Manolis Mavrommatis, Member of the European Parliament, regarding the issuance of low denomination euro banknotes
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
12 March 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr José Ribeiro e Castro, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
PortuguêsPT
12 March 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, Member of the European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
EλληνικάEL
12 February 2009
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Assessing global trends in protectionism
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2009
English
28 January 2009
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr. Robert Sturdy, Member of the European Parliament
English
22 January 2009
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Article from Monthly Bulletin January 2009. Foreign asset accumulation by authorities in emerging markets
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2009
English
28 October 2008
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Mario Borghezio, Member of the European Parliament
English
28 October 2008
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ashley Mote, Member of the European Parliament
English
15 July 2008
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Dimitrios Papadimoulis, Member of the European Parliament
English
15 July 2008
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Ashley Mote, Member of the European Parliament
English
10 July 2008
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The Eurosystem as a provider of technical assistance to EU neighbouring regions
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2008
English
10 July 2008
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Euro area trade in services: some key stylised facts
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2008
English
9 July 2008
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
The international role of the euro, July 2008
English
Related
9 July 2008
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
20 June 2008
OTHER PUBLICATION
Memorandum of Understanding on Co-operation between the Financial Supervisory Authorities, Central Banks and Finance Ministries of the EU on Cross-Border Financial Stability
English
20 June 2008
OTHER PUBLICATION
Research Bulletin No:7
English
9 August 2007
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB's President to the President of the Council of the European Union on the clarification of the institutional status of the ECB
English
25 June 2007
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, June 2007
English
Related
25 June 2007
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
15 February 2007
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Migrant remittances to regions neighbouring the EU
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2007
English
30 January 2007
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Ms Pervenche Berès Chairwoman of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
30 January 2007
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Jean-Marie Cavada, Chairman of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, European Parliament
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
18 January 2007
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Putting China's economic expansion in perspective
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2007
English
21 December 2005
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, December 2005
English
Related
21 December 2005
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
17 November 2005
OTHER PUBLICATION
Green paper on the enhancement of the EU framework for investment funds. Eurosystem contribution to the Commission's public consultation
English
10 November 2005
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Economic and financial relations between the euro area and Russia
Economic Bulletin Issue 11, 2005
English
11 August 2005
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The role of "emerging Asia" in the global economy
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 2005
English
13 June 2005
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Nikolaos Vakalis, Member of the European Parliament
English
25 May 2005
OTHER PUBLICATION
Regional economic integration in a global framework
English
Related
25 May 2005
PRESS RELEASE
Book published on "Regional economic integration in a global framework" - Proceedings of the G20 Workshop held in Beijing, 22-23 September 2004
English
14 April 2005
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Chairman of the International Accounting Standards Board of 13 April 2005: In support of the current proposal to amendments to IAS 39 - The fair value option
English
20 January 2005
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Financial flows to emerging market economies: Changing patterns and recent developments
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2005
English
7 January 2005
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, January 2005
English
Related
7 January 2005
PRESS RELEASE
Review of the international role of the euro
English
29 November 2004
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to Mr Paolo Cirino Pomicino, Member of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs
English
26 November 2004
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the European Parliament
English
14 October 2004
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Economic integration in selected regions outside the European Union
Economic Bulletin Issue 10, 2004
English
13 September 2004
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the Chairman of International Accounting Standards Board of 6 September 2004: Exposure Draft of proposed amendments to IAS 39 - The fair value option
English
27 April 2004
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the Council of the European Union: Negotiations on the draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe
English
15 April 2004
OTHER PUBLICATION
Payment and securities settlement systems in the accession countries - Addendum incorporating 2002 figures (Blue Book, April 2004)
English
Related
15 April 2004
PRESS RELEASE
Payment and securities settlement systems in the European Union and in the accession countries - addenda incorporating 2002 figures
English
15 April 2004
OTHER PUBLICATION
Payment and securities settlement systems in the European Union - Addendum incorporating 2002 figures (Blue Book, April 2004)
English
Related
15 April 2004
PRESS RELEASE
Payment and securities settlement systems in the European Union and in the accession countries - addenda incorporating 2002 figures
English
13 April 2004
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The Barcelona partner countries and their relations with the euro area
Economic Bulletin Issue 4, 2004
English
12 February 2004
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The acceding countries' economies on the threshold of the European Union
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2004
English
18 December 2003
OTHER PUBLICATION
Policy position of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank on exchange rate issues relating to the acceding countries
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (19) +
Select your language
ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV MaltiMT NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
Related
18 December 2003
PRESS RELEASE
Policy position of the Governing Council of the European Central Bank on exchange rate issues relating to the acceding countries
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (19) +
Select your language
ČeštinaCS DanskDA DeutschDE EλληνικάEL EspañolES Eesti keelET SuomiFI FrançaisFR MagyarHU ItalianoIT LietuviųLT LatviešuLV MaltiMT NederlandsNL PolskiPL PortuguêsPT SlovenčinaSK SlovenščinaSL SvenskaSV
17 December 2003
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, December 2003
English
Related
17 December 2003
PRESS RELEASE
2003 review of the international role of the euro
English
13 November 2003
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The international role of the euro: main developments since the inception of Stage Three of Economic and Monetary Union
Economic Bulletin Issue 11, 2003
English
13 November 2003
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Crisis resolution in emerging market economies - challenges for the international community
Economic Bulletin Issue 11, 2003
English
6 October 2003
OTHER PUBLICATION
Bond markets and long-term interest rates in European Union accession countries / 2003 edition
English
Related
6 October 2003
PRESS RELEASE
Bond markets and long-term interest rates in EU accession countries - second edition
English
22 September 2003
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the Council of the European Union regarding the Opinion of the ECB of 19 September 2003 at the request of the Council of the European Union on the draft Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe
English
5 June 2003
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the Convention regarding the draft Constitutional Treaty
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
Annexes
12 December 2003
ANNEX
Annex
English
12 May 2003
OTHER PUBLICATION
Accession countries: balance of payments/international investment position statistical methods
English
Related
12 May 2003
PRESS RELEASE
Manual "Accession countries: balance of payments/international investment position statistical methods"
English
8 May 2003
MEP LETTER
Letter from the ECB President to the President of the Convention regarding the draft Constitutional Treaty
English
OTHER LANGUAGES (1) +
Select your language
FrançaisFR
Annexes
12 December 2003
ANNEX
Annex
English
5 May 2003
OTHER PUBLICATION
Money, Banking and Financial Market Statistics in the Accession Countries, volume II
English
Related
6 May 2003
PRESS RELEASE
Publication of the methodological manual on money, banking and financial market statistics in the accession countries
English
5 May 2003
OTHER PUBLICATION
Money, Banking and Financial Market Statistics in the Accession Countries, volume I
English
Related
6 May 2003
PRESS RELEASE
Publication of the methodological manual on money, banking and financial market statistics in the accession countries
English
13 February 2003
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Exchange rate regimes for emerging market economies
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2003
English
19 December 2002
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, December 2002
English
Related
2 December 2002
PRESS RELEASE
2002 Review of the international role of the euro
English
30 August 2002
OTHER PUBLICATION
Payment and securities settlement systems in accession countries
English
Annexes
12 December 2003
ANNEX
csv data
English
Related
30 August 2002
PRESS RELEASE
Publication of the second edition of the accession country Blue Book
English
25 August 2002
OTHER PUBLICATION
Financial Sectors in EU Accession Countries
English
11 July 2002
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The Eurosystem’s dialogue with EU accession countries
Economic Bulletin Issue 7, 2002
English
10 June 2002
OTHER PUBLICATION
Bond markets and long-term interest rates in European Union accession countries
English
15 February 2002
OTHER PUBLICATION
Accession countries: balance of payments/international investment position statistical methods
English
14 February 2002
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
Recent developments in international co-operation
Economic Bulletin Issue 2, 2002
English
26 September 2001
THE INTERNATIONAL ROLE OF THE EURO
Review of the international role of the euro, September 2001
English
30 April 2001
OTHER PUBLICATION
Money and banking statistics in the accession countries: methodological manual
English
11 January 2001
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The ECB's relations with international organisations and fora
Economic Bulletin Issue 1, 2001
English
12 October 2000
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The ECB’s relations with institutions and bodies of the European Community
Economic Bulletin Issue 10, 2000
English
30 August 1999
OTHER PUBLICATION
Payment systems in countries that have applied for membership of the European Union (Blue Book)
English
Related
31 August 1999
PRESS RELEASE
Publication of the Blue book on EU accession countries
English
17 August 1999
ECONOMIC BULLETIN - ARTICLE
The international role of the euro
Economic Bulletin Issue 8, 1999
English

Il-paġni kollha f’din it-taqsima